Mapbox's products are all made with open source. They're good OSS citizens in that they release all their tools under permissive licences, but perhaps more relevant is that they've hired several of the brightest coders in the OSM ecosystem.
If you want to render polished maps, you use Mapnik (developed outside, creators hired by Mapbox), probably creating your stylesheets in CartoCSS (developed by Mapbox) and using the friendly TileMill wrapper for prototyping (developed by Mapbox). If you want to do routing, you use OSRM (developed outside, creator hired by Mapbox). And so on.
So for your question, there absolutely is such an open source tool, and it's called Mapnik. Download it (maybe as part of TileMill) and have a play.
If you want to render polished maps, you use Mapnik (developed outside, creators hired by Mapbox), probably creating your stylesheets in CartoCSS (developed by Mapbox) and using the friendly TileMill wrapper for prototyping (developed by Mapbox). If you want to do routing, you use OSRM (developed outside, creator hired by Mapbox). And so on.
So for your question, there absolutely is such an open source tool, and it's called Mapnik. Download it (maybe as part of TileMill) and have a play.